2016-2019年南阳地区儿童急性呼吸道感染病毒流行特征

Epidemic characteristics of acute respiratory tract infection virus in children in Nanyang region from 2016 to 2019

目的探究南阳地区儿童急性呼吸道感染病毒流行特征。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法抽取2016-2019年南阳地区疾控中心急性呼吸道感染患儿作为调查对象,调查儿童急性呼吸道感染病毒流行特征,对调查结果进行描述分析。结果共纳入176例急性呼吸道感染患儿,男性占57.95%,女性占42.05%,平均年龄(5.11±1.45)岁,以1~3岁为主,占43.75%;176例急性呼吸道感染患儿样本中总阳性率为47.73%,病毒检出率为51.70%,单一病毒感染占88.10%,混合感染占11.90%,占比最高的前3名为甲型流感病毒(27.47%)、鼻病毒(21.98%)、呼吸道合胞病毒(17.58%);甲型流感病毒感染患儿以1~3岁为主,多为冬季发病;鼻病毒感染患儿、呼吸道合胞病毒感染患儿均以3~6岁为主,其中鼻病毒感染于秋季多发,呼吸道合胞病毒感染于春季、冬季多发。结论 2016-2019年南阳地区儿童急性呼吸道感染最常见病毒为甲型流感病毒、鼻病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒等,不同季节、不同年龄段的主要感染病原体不同。

Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics of acute respiratory infection virus in children in Nanyang region.Method A simple random sampling method was used to select children with acute respiratory infections from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Nanyang region from 2016 to 2019 as the survey objects;the epidemiological characteristics of children with acute respiratory infection virus were investigated,and the results were described and analyzed.Results A total of 176 children with acute respiratory infections were included;male accounted for 57.95% and the female accounted for 42.05%;the average age was(5.11±1.45) years old,mainly 1-3 years old,accounting for43.75%;the total positive rate of 176 cases of children with acute respiratory infections was 47.73%,with virus detection rate of 51.70%.Single virus infection accounted for 88.10% and the mixed infection accounted for 11.90%.The top three types of infections were influenza A virus(27.47%),rhinovirus(21.98%) and respiratory syncytial virus(17.58%).Children with influenza A virus infection were mainly 1-3 years old,and most of them were infected in winter;children with rhinovirus infection and children with respiratory syncytial virus infection were mainly 3-6 years old;among them,rhinovirus infection occurred frequently in autumn,and respiratory syncytial virus infection occurred frequently in spring and winter.Conclusions The most common viruses of acute respiratory infection in children in Nanyang area from 2016 to2019 were influenza A virus,rhinovirus,and respiratory syncytial virus.The main pathogens in different seasons and different ages were different.