驻非洲传染病监测哨点发热患者虫媒传染病监测与分析

Surveillance and analysis on arthropod-borne infectious diseases among febrile patients in a sentinel in Africa

目的对我国驻非洲传染病监测哨点发热患者的虫媒传染病发病情况进行分析,为口岸虫媒传染病的早期预警和防控提供理论指导。方法收集2017年我国驻安哥拉传染病监测哨点发热患者的血液样本,以实时荧光RT-PCR法检测黄热病毒、登革病毒、基孔肯雅病毒、寨卡病毒、西尼罗病毒、裂谷热病毒核酸;以实时荧光PCR法检测疟原虫、Q热立克次氏体、班氏丝虫、钩端螺旋体、血吸虫核酸。结果 142例发热患者中共检出各类传染病核酸阳性59例,包括疟原虫核酸阳性57例、登革热核酸阳性1例、疟原虫合并登革热核酸阳性1例。虫媒传染病核酸阳性患者与阴性患者在性别比、年龄阶段、来自地区以及出境时长等因素比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而在职业组成和四周内旅行史方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对监测哨点发热患者的虫媒传染病发病情况的分析,有助于口岸卫生检疫部门提前应对,实施精准检疫,有效防止传染病跨境传播。

Objective To analysis the arthropod-borne infectious diseases among febrile patients in a sentinel in Africa,with the aim of providing technical guide for health authority at points of entry for the early warning and prevention of these infectious diseases.Methods Blood samples were collected from febrile patients during 2017.Nucleic acid tests were conducted to detect yellow fever virus,dengue virus,chikungunya virus,zika virus,west nile virus,rift valley fever virus by fluorescent RT-PCR assay;plasmodium,rickettsia burneti,wuchereria bancrofti,leptospira,and schistosoma were detected by fluorescent PCR assay.Results Among the 142 febrile patient samples,59 were positive,including 57 plasmodium,1 dengue virus,and 1 plasmodium and dengue virus double positive.There were no statistical differences among gender,age,domicile of origin and overseas duration between positive and negative patients(P>0.05).However,there were indeed statistical differences with respect to occupation and travel history in the last four weeks(P<0.05).Conclusion The analysis of arthropod-borne infectious diseases among febrile patients in surveillance sentinel could help health authority at points of entry to conduct precise quarantine and prevent the cross border transmission of infectious diseases efficiently.