辽东地区不同林龄长白落叶松人工林生态系统碳储量分配特征

Distribution Characteristics of Carbon Storage in Larixolgensis Plantation Ecosystem of Different Ages in Eastern Liaoning Province

为探明辽宁省东部地区长白落叶松人工林生态系统生物量及碳储量随时间变化规律,利用实测法,获得幼龄林、中龄林、近熟林、过熟林4个龄级的植被生物量、土壤碳储量,并利用单木地上地下部分进行模型的建立。结果表明:单木水平上,各龄级单木各器官生物量从大到小排序均为树干、根系、树枝、树皮、树叶,均随林龄增加而增大;以胸径单一自变量构建了各器官及单株生物量幂函数模型,调整决定系数为0.701~0.931,根冠比模型决定系数为0.9671,平均根冠比为0.17;林分水平上,各龄级乔木层生物量占植被层比例均超过70%,且随林龄增加而增大;单木含碳量,乔木层、灌木层、土壤碳密度均随林龄增加而增大,其中土壤碳库是植被碳库的1.58倍,在森林生态系统碳汇功能发挥中占据重要地位;中龄林碳累积速率最高,森林抚育能够有效促进单木及林分碳储量快速积累,成熟林林分碳储量达到最大值。

In order to find out the change rule of biomass and carbon storage of Larixolgensis plantation ecosystem with time in eastern Liaoning Province, four age classes of vegetation and soil carbon storage of young forest, middle-age forest, near mature forest and over mature forest were finally obtained by the method of actual measurement, which provided a scientific basis for the sustainable management of Larixolgensis plantation. The results showed that: at the level of a single tree, the biomass of each organ of each age class was in the descending order of trunk, root, branch, bark andleaf, which increased with the forest age. The power function model of the biomass of each organ and a single tree was constructed with a single independent variable of DBH, and the adjustment coefficient between 0.701 to 0.931. The determination coefficient of the root shoot ratio model was 0.967 1, and the average root shoot ratio was 0.17. At the stand level, the biomass of each age class tree layer accounted for more than 70% of the vegetation layer and increased with the forest age. The carbon content of single tree, tree layer, shrub layer, and soil carbon density increased with the rise of forest age, among which the soil carbon pool was 1.58 times of the vegetation carbon pool, which played an essential role in the carbon sink function of the forest ecosystem. The carbon accumulation rate of the middle-age forest was the highest, the forest tending could effectively promote the rapid accumulation of carbon stock of single tree and stand, and the carbon stock of mature stand could reach the maximum value.