全球经济治理下的价值链升级与高质量发展

Value Chain Upgrading and High-Quality Development Under Global Economic Governance

二十国集团(G20)作为经济全球化日益加深情形下应对经济危机和强化全球经济治理的高端合作机制,能否冲破贸易保护主义的阴霾、实现成员国合作共赢,始终是关乎全球经济治理与可持续发展的热点问题。本文以2001—2017年世界银行WDI数据库的相关指标为研究样本,首次以G20机制涵盖的43个国家为试验组,选取其他70个非G20成员国作为对照组,运用双重差分模型就G20机制对成员国价值链升级和经济高质量发展的综合影响进行准自然实验。研究结果表明,G20机制显著推动了成员国的价值链升级,ICT产品出口逐步转移至发展中国家,有效促进了涵盖创新、协调、绿色和开放为核心内容的全球经济高质量发展。尤其是在降低经济增速的基础上,显著提升了可再生能源发电量占比和推动了贸易全球化;逆城镇化也在一定程度上促进了城乡协调发展。然而,G20机制在促进卫生公共服务共享方面仍亟待完善,且在推动成员国的价值链升级与高质量发展方面具有显著的经济发达程度和地区异质性。

As a high-end cooperation mechanism for tackling the economic crisis and strengthening global economic governance in the context of deepening economic globalization,whether the G20 can break through the shadow of trade protectionism and achieve win-win cooperation among its member countries has always been a hot issue concerning global economic governance and sustainable development.Based on the related indexes of the World Bank s WDI database(2001-2017)as the research sample,we select for the first time the 43 countries under the G20 mechanism as experimental group,and a control group of 70 countries outside the G20 mechanism as the control group,to conduct a high quality natural experimen using the difference-in-differences model to evaluate the comprehensive impact of the G20 mechanism on the member value chain upgrading and economic development the member countries.The research results show that the G20 mechanism has significantly promoted the upgrading of the value chain of member countries and the gradual transfer of ICT exports to developing countries,effectively promoted the high-quality development of the global economy with innovation,coordination,green and openness as its core contents.In particular,it has significantly increased the share of renewable energy in power generation and promoted the globalization of trade while reducing economic growth.To a certain extent,reverse urbanization also promotes the coordinated development of urban and rural areas.However,the G20 mechanism still needs to be improved in terms of promoting the sharing of health public services,and has remarkable impact on the degree of economic development and regional heterogeneity in promoting value chain upgrading and high-quality development of member countries.