大豆不育系生理性状和基因表达与持绿关系分析

Analysis of the Relation Between Physiological Characters and Gene Expression and Green Retention of Soybean Male Sterile Lines

为探究大豆不育系产生持绿现象的原因,选用高(A-1)、中(A-2)、低(A-3)异交率的大豆不育系及其同型保持系为材料,分别于花期(R2)、结荚期(R4)和鼓粒期(R6)测量大豆叶片中叶绿素a+b、淀粉、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、生长素、赤霉素、脱落酸、细胞分裂素、乙烯等物质含量及调控衰老相关基因GMSARK、GMCYN1和GmSGR1的相对表达量,分析大豆不育系持绿现象与生理特性及衰老基因相对表达之间的关系。结果表明:各不育系均随生育期的延长,叶绿素a+b和可溶性蛋白含量表现为先升高后降低,A-1可溶性糖含量与A-2、A-3淀粉含量也表现为先升高后降低。各不育系赤霉素、乙烯、脱落酸、细胞分裂素含量随生育进程持续升高,A-1与A-2生长素含量也表现为持续升高趋势。大豆不育系与其同型保持系比较,除R6时期各不育系3个衰老基因相对表达量,生长素、脱落酸含量及A-1可溶性糖含量低于同型保持系外,其余各指标均高于同型保持系。相关性分析表明,MCYN1基因的相对表达量在R2和R4时期与细胞分裂素呈显著正相关,在R6时期与脱落酸含量呈显著正相关;GMSARK基因相对表达量在R2时期与淀粉含量呈显著正相关,在R4时期与可溶性蛋白含量呈显著正相关,与赤霉素含量呈显著负相关;GmSGR1基因的相对表达量在R4时期与脱落酸含量呈显著正相关,在R6时期与可溶性蛋白和乙烯含量呈显著负相关,与细胞分裂素呈极显著负相关。

In order to explore the causes of green retention in soybean male sterile lines, soybean male sterile lines with high(A-1), medium(A-2), low(A-3) outcrossing rates and their homologous maintainers were selected as materials. Chlorophyll a +b, starch, soluble protein, soluble sugar, soluble sugar in soybean leaves were measured at flowering stage(R2), podding stage(R4) and filling stage(R6), respectively. The contents of auxin, gibberellin, abscisic acid, cytokinin, ethylene and the relative expression of aging-related genes GMSARK, GMCYN1 and GmSGR1 were analyzed. The relationship between green retention and physiological characteristics and relative expression of aging genes in soybean sterile lines was analyzed. The results showed that the content of chlorophyll a+b and soluble protein increased first and then decreased with the prolongation of growth period. The content of soluble sugar in A-1 and starch in A-2 and A-3 also increased first and then decreased. The contents of gibberellin, ethylene, abscisic acid and cytokinin in all male sterile lines continued to increase with the growth process, and the contents of A-1 and A-2 auxins also showed a continuous increasing trend. Compared with its homologous maintainer line, except for the relative expression of three senescence genes, the contents of auxin, abscisic acid and A-1 soluble sugar in each sterile line at R6 stage were lower than those in the homologous maintainer line, the other indexes were higher than those in the homologous maintainer line. The correlation analysis showed that the relative expression of MCYN1 gene was positively correlated with cytokinin at R2 and R4, abscisic acid at R6, GMSARK gene relative expression was positively correlated with starch content at R2, positively correlated with soluble protein content at R4, and negatively correlated with gibberellin content;The relative expression of GmSGR1 gene was positively correlated with abscisic acid content at R4 stage, negatively correlated with soluble protein and ethylene content at R6 stage, and negatively correlated with cytokinin.