预防性人乳头瘤病毒疫苗免疫接种研究进展

Progress in vaccination of prophylactic human papillomavirus vaccine

人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)感染是常见的生殖系统病毒感染,持续性HPV感染可以导致宫颈癌、外阴癌、肛门癌、阴茎癌及生殖器疣等疾病。目前已上市的预防性HPV疫苗包括葛兰素史克(GlaxoSmithKline)公司的2价疫苗、默沙东(Merck&Co.,Inc)公司的4价和9价疫苗万泰沧海生物技术有限公司的2价疫苗,由不同类型的HPV衣壳蛋白L1组装而成,诱发机体产生特异性抗体及活化T细胞,从而减少HPV的感染率。近年来,HPV疫苗的安全性与有效性得到了广泛的关注,尤其是在发展中国家。本综述对HPV疫苗在免疫原性、安全性、有效性,以及疫苗免疫接种概念和策略方面的最新进展进行了总结。本文可以为中国HPV疫苗的推广接种提供参考依据。

High-risk human papillomavirus(HPV)persistent infection is the most common cause of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.As a primary prevention measure,especially in developing countries,HPV vaccine can greatly reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.However,researches on the safety,efficacy,and coverage of the HPV vaccine still remain insufficient.Therefore,in this review,we outlined the recent research progress of the HPV vaccine in terms of immunogenicity,safety,efficacy,latest vaccination concepts and strategies.It may provide a theoretical basis for further research on the use of the HPV vaccine.