中国已婚育龄妇女人工流产趋势与特征--基于1997~2017年4次全国生育状况抽样调查数据的分析

Trends and Characteristics of Induced Abortion among Married Women of Reproductive Ages in China:A Study Based on 1997-2017 China Fertility Surveys

运用1997~2017年4次全国生育状况抽样调查数据,选择每次调查前5年有怀孕史的已婚育龄妇女为研究对象,重点对21世纪以来中国人工流产的发生趋势进行分析。同时,与生育子女数量和性别、避孕措施使用等有关信息相关联,剖析不同时段人工流产的生育特征。结果显示,已婚育龄妇女人工流产发生风险逐步下降,但生育子女数越少人工流产风险越高,且近期生育2孩女性人工流产风险明显上升。值得关注的是,近年来,未生育者婚前人工流产比例持续升高,青少年的性与生殖健康问题仍然严峻;曾生1孩和2孩者产后人工流产有所上升,表明生育后未满足的避孕需求亟待重视;性别选择性人工流产逐渐减少,但仍持续存在,需要加强性别平等的宣传倡导。

This study utilizes four waves of data from 1997-2017 China Fertility Survey and analyzes the levels and trends of induced abortion since the early 21st century.Married women of reproductive age who had pregnancy history within the five years before each survey were selected as research ob⁃ject.The study dissected the characteristics of induced abortion in different periods,including the number and gender of children,contraceptive use,and other relevant information.The results show that the occurrence of induced abortion decreased gradually,and the risk of induced abortion was higher for those who had given birth to less children.Meanwhile,induced abortion among 2⁃children women increased recently.It is noteworthy that premarital induced abortions among childless women continued to increase in recent years,and the sexual and reproductive health issues of adolescents re⁃mained serious.The occurrence of induced abortions after childbirth increased for those with one or two children,showing that the unmet need for contraception after childbirth should gain more attention.In addition,sex⁃selective abortion has been decreasing gradually but still exists.Therefore,gender equality advocacy needs to be strengthened.