航空高强钢电子束焊接研究现状

Research status of aviation high-strength steel in electron beam welding

文中就航空高强钢电子束焊接接头的成形规律、微观组织演变规律、力学性能评估、组织与性能调控等进行了详细评述;指出航空高强钢电子束焊接由于匙孔中气体和液体运动轨迹复杂、材料裂纹敏感性强,容易产生气孔和开裂;接头各区由于受到的焊接热循环的不同使得组织存在较大差异,进而导致力学性能不均。研究的重点在于阻止裂纹的产生、解决热影响区的软化和提高接头的疲劳性能;最后对航空高强钢材料电子束焊接技术未来的重点研究方向进行了展望。

For the electronic beam welded joint of aviation high strength steel,law of formation,law of microstructure transformation,evaluation of mechanical properties,microstructure and performance control were discussed in detail in this paper. It was pointed out that the gas and liquid movement trajectory in the spoon hole of the aviation high-strength steel electron beam welded joint was complicated,and the material was sensitive to cracks,which easily resulted in porosity and cracking. Due to the different welding thermal cycles in joints,there were great differences in the microstructure of joints,which resulted in uneven mechanical properties. The focus of the research was to prevent the occurrence of cracks,solve the softening of the heat-affected zone and improve the fatigue performance of the joint. Finally,the key research directions of the electron beam welding technology for aviation high-strength steel materials were prospected.