基于机构运动的大变形超材料

Review on Kinematic Metamaterials

超材料是一类新型人工复合材料或复合结构,特殊的微观或宏观内部结构设计使它们具有自然材料不具备的超常物理性质。超材料的发展经历了二维电磁超表面到三维机械、热学、声学、光学超材料的发展之后,正进入可编程、可调控的阶段,近年来涌现出各种各样具有大变形能力的超材料,以实现物理性能的设计预期与主被动适应。对大变形超材料的设计、功能、制造等方面的发展现状进行了简要的综述,分析这类超材料研究当前存在的主要问题与发展趋势,为多功能超材料的编程与调控研究提供借鉴与参考。

Metamaterials are man-made materials or structures whose internal constituents and topologies allow them to have unusual emergent properties which are not available among the conventional materials. Initially proposal of metamaterial started on the 2D negative-indexed electromagnetic metamaterials followed by the 3D metamaterials in the fields of optical, acoustic, mechanical engineering in last 100 years. The current research trend on metamaterial has entered a stage to incorporate the programmability where the properties can be adjustable through selection of design parameters, and tuneability, an ability for the material’s properties to be tuned through deformation controlled by the embedded actuation or external stimuli. This brief review focuses on the state-of-art research, major challenge and future development about the design, functionality, manufacture of the metamaterials with large deformation, which hopefully could be able to provide an inspiring reference for programmability and tuneability of new generation metamaterials.