口腔种植修复并发症的危险因素及防控策略

Prevention and management of hardware and biological complications in implant dentistry

现代口腔种植技术由于其高度可预期的长期临床效果,已成为牙齿缺失的重要治疗方式。然而种植修复治疗的并发症仍困扰着广大临床医师。种植修复的硬件并发症主要包括与制造商生产部件相关的机械并发症,如基台/螺丝松动、折断,种植体折断等;以及与加工制造的部件相关的工艺并发症,如修复体崩瓷等。生物学并发症主要包括植体周黏膜炎及植体周炎。如何有效避免和处理种植修复并发症是保证种植治疗长期效果的关键。本文就种植修复治疗的硬件并发症和生物学并发症的定义、发生率、危险因素和防治方法进行阐述,以期为口腔医师预防和处理种植并发症提供参考。

Due to the highly predictable long-term clinical outcomes,modern implant dentistry has become one of the most preferred treatment modalities for restoring missing teeth.However,the complications of implant therapy compromise the long-term implant success and remain a great challenge to clinicians.Hardware complications include the mechanical complications which are related to the manufacturer-fabricated components of the prosthesis,such as abutment/screw loosening,fracture and implant fracture;and the technical complication which are related to laboratory-fabricated components of the prosthesis,such as veneer chipping.The biological complications mainly include peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.It is crucial to figure out how to effectively avoid and manage the complications of implant therapy.This article reported the definitions,incidences,risk factors,prevention and treatment of both mechanical and biological complications of implant therapy.