太原市2006-2018年50岁以上 HIV/AIDS病例流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases over 50 years old in Taiyuan from 2006 to 2018

目的分析太原市报告的50岁以上人群艾滋病病毒感染/艾滋病(HIV/AIDS)病例流行病学特征,为下一步开展中老年人群艾滋病防控工作提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制中心艾滋病综合防治信息管理系统收集并分析报告地区为太原市、年龄在50岁以上HIV/AIDS病例的人口学、行为学等流行病学特征(截止日期为2018年12月31日)及2006-2015年首次CD+4T淋巴细胞(CD4)计数检测信息,并根据该检测信息推算病例的可能感染时间和感染年龄。对于符合正态分布和方差齐性的不同年份间计量资料的分析采用单因素ANOVA检验,不符合条件的多个独立样本采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验;构成比的比较采用χ2检验,采用Linear-by-Linear Association线性相关χ2检验分析历年病例的变化趋势。结果太原市2006—2018年累计报告50岁以上HIV/AIDS病例390例。自2006年以来,太原市每年新发现的50岁以上HIV/AIDS病例数逐年上升,2018年新报告50岁以上病例数是2006年的128倍。现住址为太原市的50岁以上HIV/AIDS病例除娄烦县和阳曲县外,在其余8个县(市、区)均有分布,杏花岭区占比最高(19.74%)。病例人群分布以男性为主(86.41%),平均年龄为(59.74±8.63)岁。86.41%的病例文化程度为高中或中专以下,65.64%的病例职业为家务及待业、农民和离退人员。97.18%的病例通过性接触传播,其中以异性性传播为主,占76.92%。根据首次CD4检测结果推测病例感染与发现的时间间隔,估计从感染到被发现的平均时间为(6.51±3.12)年。结论太原市50岁以上人群报告艾滋病增长迅猛。艾滋病防控工作应是多部门联合,将50岁以上人群作为重点干预人群,将艾滋病防治常规工作同针对性健康教育及措施结合起来,遏制艾滋病在该人群的蔓延。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases over 50 years old in Taiyuan, and to provide scientific evidence for future prevention and control of HIV/AIDS among middle-aged and elderly people. Methods The demographic and behavioral characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases over 50 years old in Taiyuan were collected and analyzed through the National HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System of China CDC(the deadline was before December 31, 2018), possible infection time and infection age were estimated based on their first CD+4testing results after HIV diagnoses from 2006 to 2015. Single factor ANOVA test was used to analyze the annual measurement data that accorded with normal distribution and homogeneity of variance, Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for multiple independent samples that did not meet the conditions;the constituent ratio was compared by chi-square test, Linear-by-Linear Association chi-square test was used to analyze the change trend of the cases over the years.Results A total of 390 HIV/AIDS cases over 50 years old were reported in Taiyuan from 2006 to 2018. The number of new reported HIV/AIDS cases over 50 years old had increased year by year since 2006. The number of new reported HIV/AIDS cases in 2018 was 128 times than that in 2006. HIV/AIDS cases over 50 years old were distributed in all eight counties of Taiyuan except Loufan County and Yangqu County, and Xinghualing County had the highest case number(19.74%). The cases were mainly male(86.41%), the average age was(59.74±8.63) years old. Up to 86.41% of the cases had the educational level of high school or technical secondary school or lower, and 65.64% of the occupations were housework and unemployed, farmers and retirees. And 97.18% of the cases were transmitted through sexual contact, of which 76.92% were heterosexual. According to the results of the first CD+4test, the average interval between infection and detection was estimated to be(6.51±3.12) years. Conclusion The reported HIV/AIDS cases of people over 50 years old increase rapidly in Taiyuan. HIV/AIDS prevention and control work should be a multi sectoral joint effort, with people over 50 years old as key intervention group. It is necessary to combine the routine work of HIV/AIDS prevention and control with targeted health education and measures to curb the spread of HIV/AIDS in this group.