宁海县人群感染华支睾吸虫风险及防治分析

Analysis on risk as well as prevention and cure of Clonorchis sinensis infection in Ninghai County

目的评估宁海县人群感染华支睾吸虫的风险,为制定相应的防治措施提供依据。方法 2017-2018年通过问卷调查了解宁海县人群对华支睾吸虫认知的情况,应用直接压片法和改良式加藤厚涂片法,分别了解淡水鱼中华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染情况和保虫宿主的感染情况,使用SPSS22.0对数据进行χ~2检验。结果人群防治知识知晓率总体较低, 2018年的居民的防治知识知晓率较2017年有所提升(P<0.05);影响健康危险行为持续存在,平时生食、半生食淡水鱼虾史等危险行为率呈上升趋势(χ^2=21.225,P<0.05);防治态度较差,第二中间宿主华支睾吸虫囊蚴总体感染率达31.13%,水网密度高的地区较密度低的地区感染率高(χ^2=238.249,P<0.05);保虫宿主犬中检出1份含有华支睾吸虫。结论宁海县人群感染华支睾吸虫的风险极高,可能成为华支睾吸虫病流行区,政府部门应加强对其防治。

Objective To assess the risk of Clonorchis sinensis infection in Ninghai County, and to provide the basis for developing appropriate prevention and treatment measures. Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out to understand the cognition of Clonorchis sinensis among people in Ninghai County from 2017 to 2018. The direct injection method and the modified kato thick smear method were used to master the infection of metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis in freshwater fish and the infection of reservoir host separately the fecal samples of the host of clonorchis sinensis. SPSS22.0 software was used to conduct chi-square test. Results The overall knowledge awareness rate of prevention and control was low, but knowledge awareness rate of prevention and control in 2018 was higher than that in 2017(P<0.05);the influencing factors of health risk behaviors continued to exist, and the risk behavior rate of eating raw or half raw freshwater fish and shrimp at ordinary times was on an uptrend(χ^2=21.225, P<0.05);the attitude of prevention and treatment was poor, the overall infection rate of the second intermediate host on metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis was 31.13%, the infection rate was higher in areas with high water network density than in areas with low water network density(χ^2=238.249, P<0.05);one case of Clonorchis sinensis was found in the reservoir host dog. Conclusion The risk of Clonorchis sinensis infection is very high in Ninghai County. It may become an epidemic area of Clonorchis sinensis. It is necessary for the governments to strengthen the prevention and control.