中国学龄前儿童营养素养核心条目的建立

Establishment of nutrition literacy core items for Chinese preschool children

目的:建立中国学龄前儿童营养素养核心条目。方法:通过文献检索和专家讨论,确定学龄前儿童营养素养框架体系,并初步制定营养素养的条目清单。采用德尔菲法确定学龄前儿童营养素养核心条目,邀请9名营养、儿少卫生、健康教育等领域的专家,采用邮件的方式发放咨询问卷9份,要求专家对各个素养条目的重要性进行评分;并对专家的判断依据及对条目内容的熟悉程度进行评价,分析专家积极程度、权威程度、专家意见的集中程度及协调程度,并最终确定入选条目。结果:第1轮专家咨询,专家积极系数为88.9%(8/9),专家权威程度为(0.88±0.07), Kendall′s W协调系数为0.350( χ2=36.432, P=0.001);第2轮专家咨询,专家积极系数为100%(9/9),专家权威程度为(0.89±0.11), Kendall′s W协调系数为0.347 ( χ2=34.330, P<0.001)。通过定性和定量分析,最终确定2个维度(基本知识、生活方式与饮食行为)、6个主题(认识食物、食物特点、食物选择、饮食行为、饮食安全、身体活动),共计14个条目。 结论:本研究构建了学龄前儿童营养素养的框架体系和核心条目,为开展营养教育、制定标准化评价工具提供了参考依据。

Objective To establish the nutrition literacy core items for preschool children in China.Methods The framework system and preliminary items of nutrition literacy were established through literature review and experts consultation.E-Delphi method was used to determine the nutrition literacy items.Nine experts in the field of nutrition,child and adolescent health,health education were invited to score the importance of each nutrition literacy item via Email.The judgment basis and familiarity of experts towards the items,active coefficient,authority coefficient and harmony coefficient were evaluated and analyzed to generate the final list of nutrition literacy items.Results In the first round of E-Delphi consultation,the active coefficient and authority coefficient were 88.9%(8/9)and(0.88±0.07).The harmony coefficient was 0.350(χ2=36.432,P=0.001).In the second round,the active coefficient and authority coefficient were 100%(9/9)and(0.89±0.11).The harmony coefficient was 0.347(χ2=34.330,P<0.001).After qualitative and quantitative analyses,we identified the final list of nutrition literacy items consisting of two scales(basic knowledge,lifestyles and dietary behaviors),six subscales(food knowledge,food characteristic,food choice,dietary behavior,dietary safety,and physical activity)with 14 items in total.Conclusion The framework system and core items of nutrition literacy are established for Chinese preschool children,which could provide a reference basis for the implementation of nutrition education project and the establishment of standardized evaluation tools.