新生儿重症监护室极低出生体重儿母亲对捐赠母乳态度及其影响因素的调查

Attitudes of mothers of very low birth weight infants to breast milk donation in neonatal intensive care unit and its influencing factors

目的调查新生儿重症监护室(NICU)极低出生体重儿母亲捐赠母乳或接受捐赠母乳喂养意愿及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2019年3—7月入住复旦大学附属儿科医院NICU124例极低出生体重儿的母亲为调查对象,采用自行设计问卷调查其捐赠母乳意愿、接受捐赠母乳意愿和捐赠母乳知识了解情况,以手机终端下载问卷调查表的方式进行调查,分析极低出生体重儿母亲对捐赠母乳态度及影响因素。结果124名极低出生体重儿母亲中,51.6%(64/124)不愿意捐赠母乳,不愿意捐赠母乳的主要原因担心捐赠后母乳量不足影响自身孩子的喂养;43.5%(54/124)不愿意孩子接受捐赠母乳喂养,不接受的主要原因是对捐赠母乳的安全性存在质疑。泌乳是否充足是影响捐赠母乳意愿的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论NICU极低出生体重儿母亲对捐赠母乳或接受捐赠母乳喂养的态度不容乐观,应加强母乳喂养及捐赠母乳在安全性方面的宣教,提高其对捐赠母乳认知程度。

Objective To investigate the willingness and influencing factors of mothers of very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to donate breast milk or accept donated breast milk.Methods Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 124 mothers of VLBWIs who were admitted to NICU of Children's Hospital of Fudan University from March to July 2019 were selected as investigation objects. The self-designed questionnaire was used to assess the willingness to donate breast milk, the willingness to accept breast milk donation and knowledge of breast milk donation. The survey was conducted by downloading the questionnaires through mobile terminals to analyze attitudes of mothers of VLBWIs towards breast milk donation and its influencing factors.Results Among 124 mothers of VLBWIs, 51.6% (64/124) were reluctant to donate breast milk, mainly because they feared that the amount of breast milk after donation would affect the feeding of their children. 43.5% (54/124) did not want their children to receive donated breast milk, mainly because of doubts about the safety of donated breast milk. Adequate lactation was the main factor affecting the willingness to donate breast milk (P<0.05) .Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education on the safety of breastfeeding and breastmilk donation and improve the cognition of breastmilk donation.