新护士角色转换压力与护理工作环境精神气候的相关性分析

Correlation analysis of new nurses'role pressure and the mental climate of nursing work environment

目的了解新护士角色转换压力与护理工作环境精神气候的现状,分析护理工作环境精神气候对新护士角色转换压力的影响。方法采用横断面调查法,以方便抽样法于2019年11—12月选取浙江省5所三级乙等及以上医院的新护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、新毕业护士角色转换压力问卷、中文版精神气候简式量表进行调查,并分析护理工作环境精神气候对新护士角色转换压力的影响。共发放问卷450份,回收有效问卷423份,有效回收率为94.0%。结果423名新护士角色转换压力总分为(85.53±9.54)分,精神气候总分为(63.52±7.46)分,新护士角色转换压力与精神气候总分呈负相关(P<0.05);单因素分析结果显示,不同学历、科室的新护士角色转换压力得分比较,均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新护士存在较高的角色转换压力,角色转换压力与工作环境精神气候具有一定的相关性。护理管理者可通过建立良好的工作环境,改善科室精神文化氛围,减轻新护士角色转换中的压力。

Objective To understand the current status of new nurses' role pressure and the mental climate of nursing work environment, and analyze the effects of the mental climate of nursing work environment on new nurses' role pressure.Methods In this cross-sectional study, the new nurses from 5 Class Ⅲ Grade B or above hospitals in Zhejiang Province between November and December 2019 were selected by convenient sampling, and investigated with the general information questionnaire, Newly Graduate Nurses' Role Conversion Pressure Questionnaire, and the Chinese version of the Spiritual Climate Scale. The effects of the mental climate of nursing work environment on new nurses' role pressure. Totally 450 questionnaires were distributed, and 423 valid questionnaires were collected, accounting for an effective recovery rate of 94.0%.Results The total score of the 423 new nurses' role pressure was (85.53±9.54) , and the total score of mental climate was (63.52±7.46) . The total scores of role pressure of the new nurses was negatively correlated with the mental climate (P<0.05);the results of univariate analysis showed statistically significant difference in role pressure scores of new nurses with different educational backgrounds, departments (P<0.05) .Conclusions New nurses have a high role pressure, and the role pressure is correlated with the mental climate of the work environment. Nursing managers can alleviate the role pressure of new nurses by establishing a good work environment and improving the spiritual and cultural atmosphere of the department.