60岁及以上老年住院病死患者基本情况及临终救治分析

Analysis of Basic Situation and End-of-life Treatment of Hospitalized Patients Aged 60 and Over

目的研究≥60岁老年住院病死患者的基本情况及临终救治。方法回顾性分析2018年1月—2019年12月42例年龄≥60岁住院病死患者病历资料,统计老年病死患者的性别分布、年龄分布、季节分布、病死原因及缓和医疗的知晓率、生前预嘱情况和临终救治方式的选择情况。结果42例病死患者平均年龄81.5岁,病死率2.5%。病死例数最多的年龄段为80~89岁。导致病死的前3位疾病是恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统感染、循环系统疾病。通过宣教,缓和医疗知晓率达85.7%。4.8%患者通过生前预嘱自主选择临终救助方式。52.4%患者放弃药物及有创救治措施。结论该研究中病死例数最多的年龄段为80~89岁,恶性肿瘤是最常见的死因,患者及家属通过宣教了解缓和医疗,临终时约一半选择放弃救治。该文为提高老年患者生存质量、开展缓和医疗提供依据。

Objective To study the basic conditions and end-of-life treatment of hospitalized patients≥60 years old.Methods Retrospective analysis of the medical records of 42 patients who died in hospital with the age of≥60 years from January 2018 to December 2019,Statistics of the gender distribution,age distribution,seasonal distribution,cause of death,and the awareness rate of palliative care,pre-mortem prescribing status,and the selection of end-of-life treatment methods for elderly patients who died.Results The average age of 42 patients who died was 81.5 years old,and the case fatality rate was 2.5%.The age group with the largest number of deaths was 80 to 89 years old.The top 3 diseases leading to death are malignant tumors,respiratory infections,and circulatory diseases.Through missions and education,the rate of palliative medical awareness reached 85.7%.4.8%of patients choose their own way of end-of-life assistance through pre-mortem.52.4%of patients gave up drugs and invasive treatment measures.Conclusion The age group with the largest number of deaths in this study was 80-89 years old.Malignant tumors are the most common cause of death.Patients and their families learn about palliative care through education,and about half choose to give up treatment at the end of life.This article provides a basis for improving the quality of life of elderly patients and developing palliative care.