OIE高健康高性能赛马风险降低策略

Risk Mitigation Strategies of OIE HHP Competitive Horses

为消除赛马临时性国际移动障碍,保障进(出)口国动物卫生状态和赛马健康状态,OIE、FEI和IFHA共同制定了高健康高性能马(HHP)概念。基于《OIE陆生动物卫生法典》生物安全等措施实施HHP风险降低策略,运维一个功能分区,将HHP马和其他马属动物隔离开来,以防止发生疫病国际性传播。在HHP标准条件下,OIE对25种重要马病传播风险进行了定性评估:17种疫病发生传播风险极低,但非洲马瘟、马流感、马传染性贫血、马梨形虫病、马鼻疽和委内瑞拉马脑炎等6种疫病仍有不同程度的传播风险,需要实施特定卫生要求,如实验室检测、治疗、免疫接种等。HHP概念为赛马临时国际移动提供了普遍适用的可行性方案,给发展中国家参与国际赛马运动提供了机遇。我国应加强马属动物疫病监测和疫情报告管理,持续推进马病无疫区(EDFZ)建设和我国HHP马匹认可工作。

In order to clear obstacles of temporary international movement of competitive horses and to safeguard health status of animals and competitive horses in import/export countries,the concept of high health,high performance(HHP)horse was developed by OIE together with International Equestrian Federation(FEI)and International Federation of Horseracing Authorities(IFHA).The HHP concept was to reduce the risk from HHP horses based on the bio-safety measures specified in OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code,and to operate and maintain a functional zone where HHP horses were isolated from other equines so as to avoid any international spreading of diseases.Based on HHP conditions,a qualitative assessment on 25 major equine diseases were conducted by OIE and results showed that:the spreading risk of 17 diseases was extremely low,but there were still different degrees of spreading risk for African horse sickness,equine influenza,equine infectious anaemia,equine piroplasmosis,glanders and Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis,and specific health requirements were needed,such as laboratory test,treatment and immunization,etc.A universally applicable alternative was provided for temporary international movement of competitive horses by the concept,which provided an opportunity for developing countries to participate in international horseracing.The monitoring and reporting of equine diseases should be strengthened to continue the construction of equine disease free zones(EDFZ)and recognition of HHP horses in China.