转基因动物及其产品检测技术研究进展

Research Progress on the Techniques for Testing Transgenic Animals and Their Products

为探索可靠、灵敏的转基因动物及其产品检测技术,从核酸检测和蛋白检测两个方面,综述了转基因动物及其产品不同检测技术的原理、特点及应用,提出了每种检测技术的不足及今后转基因检测技术的发展趋势和研究方向。目前,已经研发的核酸检测技术主要包括多种PCR方法、环介导等温扩增技术、Southern blot技术和染色体原位杂交技术等,蛋白检测方法主要包括酶联免疫吸附检测技术、免疫层析试纸条、Western blot技术、免疫组织化学和免疫荧光技术等。三代测序技术是近年来提出的一种新型基因检测技术,适用于对未知序列转基因动物的分析。随着转基因技术的发展,转基因动物及其产品越来越多,高通量、高灵敏度和低成本的检测技术将成为未来转基因动物及其产品检测的研究重点。

In order to explore a kind of reliable and sensitive technique for testing transgenic animals and their products,the principle,characteristics and application of relevant techniques were summarized from the aspects of nucleic acid and protein detection,then the disadvantages of each technique as well as relevant development trend and direction to study were put forward.At present,the established techniques for detecting nucleic acids mainly included PCR,ring mediated isothermal amplification,Southern blot and chromosome in situ hybridization,and those for protein included enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),immunochromatographic strip,Western blot,immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assay.The third-generation sequencing technique had been used to detect gene sequences in recent years,which is appropriate to analyze transgenic animals with unknown sequence.With the development of transgenic techniques,the quantity of transgenic animals and their products was increasing,so the techniques with high throughput,high sensitivity and low cost will become a priority in the future.