“放管服”改革:理论意蕴与政策启示

Reforms to"Streamline Administration and Delegate Power to the Lower Levels,Improve Regulation,and Upgrade Services":Theoretical Insights and Policy Implications

以简政放权、放管结合、优化服务为核心要义的“放管服”改革在十八大以来广泛推进,但是对其理论内涵、政策实践和改革方向的研究还不多。“放管服”改革的理论内涵同新公共管理、后新公共管理、数字时代治理等行政改革运动和理论具有内在联系。“放管服”改革的核心在于重构政府与市场、政府与社会、中央和地方之间的关系,并通过信息技术应用而推动权力下放、监管改革和服务创新。“放管服”改革有很强的杂糅性,既有中国向西方学习的色彩,又有中国引领全球行政改革的迹象。“放管服”改革中行政审批机构设置、政务服务的原则与底线、红顶中介、数据安全、政务服务的线上线下问题,都应是值得关注的现实问题。同时,“放管服”改革的主体间关系、微观基础以及全球启示也是应关注的研究问题。

Reforms to streamline administration and delegate power to the lower levels,improve regulation,and upgrade services have been widely implemented since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,but our research on their theoretical nature,policy practice and reform orientation is limited.In this article,we theoretically explore the relevance of these reforms to existing administrative reforms and theories,including New Public Management,Post-NPM,and Digital-Era Governance.We argue that the core of these reforms is to restructure the relationships between the government and market,the government and society,and the central and local government,and to promote power delegation,supervision reform and service innovation with information technologies.We find that these reforms are strongly mixed not only in China’s learning from the West,but also in China’s leading in the global administrative reform.The establishment of administrative examination and approval agencies,the principles and bottom line of government services,intermediary agents in the name of governments,data security,and online and offline issues of government services in these reforms should all be paid attention to.