非对称压力下产业集群内企业知识共享的条件与策略

产业集群内企业知识共享是影响企业发展的重要因素。本文以产业集群异质性企业为研究对象,构建了非对称压力下产业集群内异质性企业知识共享演化博弈模型,分析各参数对产业集群内异质企业知识共享策略的影响机理。研究表明:知识共享合作中知识溢出损失无法避免,给企业所带来的压力是非对称的,压力越大的企业总是为规避损失而先采取投机策略,最终导致“囚徒困境”。最后,提出促进知识共享的政策建议:加强知识共享法律保护制度,强化企业契约精神建设;加大知识共享违约惩罚力度,降低知识溢出损失,破除压力不对称引发的“囚徒困境”;降低知识共享的搜索成本,优化政府激励措施,鼓励企业知识共享行为。

Enterprise knowledge sharing in industrial clusters is an important factor affecting the development of enterprises.This paper takes heterogeneous enterprise in the industrial cluster as the research object and introduces parameters to build the knowledge sharing evolution game model of heterogeneous enterprises in industrial clusters under asymmetric pressure,and analyzes the influence mechanism of each parameter on the knowledge sharing strategy of heterogeneous enterprises in industrial clusters.Results have shown that knowledge spillover loss is inevitable in the collaboration of knowledge sharing,which brings about the asymmetric pressure.Those enterprises with larger pressure usually seek for the speculative strategy to avoid losses,which eventually leads themselves to the prisoner’s dilemma.Finally,we propose some policy suggestions to facilitate knowledge sharing:strengthening the legal protection system of knowledge sharing and enhancing the construction of enterprise contract spirit;increasing the punishment of knowledge sharing law violation,reducing the knowledge spillover loss and breaking the prisoner’s dilemma resulted from asymmetric pressure;reducing the searching cost of knowledge sharing,optimizing government incentives and encouraging enterprise knowledge sharing behaviors.