人工智能产品发展风险抗辩制度的理论冲突与平衡协调

Theoretical conflict and balance coordination of risk defense system in AI product development

为根据人工智能产品的特点变革我国产品责任制度以最大限度防范、降低和合理分配人工智能产品的发展风险,确立人工智能产品发展风险抗辩制度势在必行。但是也必须对该制度面临的诸多理论,包括正外部性与负外部性理论、成本与收益理论、安全与效用理论、权利与效益理论、公平与效率理论、激励与约束理论之间的冲突进行协调,以实现激励人工智能产业良性发展与约束人工智能产品异化倾向之间的平衡,缓解人工智能产品生产者和消费者之间冲突带来的张力,促进我国人工智能战略产业的高质量发展,进而确保国家战略与包容发展、商业利益与社会责任的平衡,为人工智能的“中国之治”贡献力量。

In order to change the product liability system in China according to the characteristics of artificial intelligence(AI)products so as to prevent,reduce and distribute the development risk of AI products to the greatest extent,it is imperative to establish the defense system of AI product development risk.However,the conflict between many theories that the system confronts,including positive externality and negative externality theory,cost and benefit theory,safety and utility theory,right and benefit theory,equity and efficiency theory,incentive and constraint theory,must be coordinated,so as to realize the balance between stimulating AI industry benign development and restricting product differentiation tendency of artificial intelligence,to relieve the tension brought about by conflict between producers and consumers,to promote high quality development of AI strategic industry in China,and further to ensure the balance between the national strategy and inclusive development,between business interests and social responsibility,hence contributing to the rule of China and of artificial intelligence.