改性固体超强酸用于烷烃异构化的研究进展

Research progress on isomerization of alkanes by modified solid superacid

综述了固体超强酸催化C4~C8烷烃异构化反应的研究进展,介绍了共沉淀法、溶胶凝胶法和水热合成法等制备方法,并分析每种方法的优劣。由于固体超强酸易发生积炭和活性物种流失而影响寿命,因此需对其进行改性,重点介绍了金属改性、金属氧化物改性和分子筛改性,分析了不同改性方法提高催化剂活性、选择性和使用寿命的作用机理。最后总结了固体超强酸的优点和不足,指出提高比表面积和金属分散度是提高催化性能的重点研究方向,为新型异构化催化剂的开发及应用提供思路和借鉴。

The research progress on using solid superacids as catalyst in C4-C8 alkanes isomerization reaction is reviewed. The preparation methods of solid superacid,such as coprecipitation,sol-gel and hydrothermal synthesis,are introduced,and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are analyzed. As solid superacids are easily to deposit carbon and loss active species,their lifespan is therefore affected. It is necessary to modify them. This paper mainly introduces metal modification,metal oxide modification and molecular sieve modification methods,and analyzes the mechanism of different modification methods to improve the activity,selectivity and service life of catalysts. The advantages and disadvantages of solid superacid are summarized. It is pointed out that the future research shall focus on improving catalytic performance of solid superacid through improving its specific surface area and metal dispersion. This paper can provide ideas and references for the development and application of new isomerization catalyst.