基于GIS视域分析的项目建设对世界遗产景观美学价值的影响评价——以武陵源世界自然遗产地为例

Assessment of construction project on the aesthetic values of world heritage landscape based on GIS viewshed analysis:a case study of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Site

世界遗产地及周边能否开展项目建设的评判标准在于项目是否会对世界遗产地的突出普遍价值造成负面影响及其影响程度。以湖南武陵源世界自然遗产地为例,运用GIS技术,采用视域分析方法,开展张家界大峡谷玻璃桥对武陵源世界遗产价值的影响评价。结果表明:张家界大峡谷玻璃桥全部视域范围都在该世界遗产地外围,对武陵源世界遗产地的美学价值没有造成视觉影响。因此,该玻璃桥对武陵源遗产地的突出普遍价值没有负面影响。视域分析显示有0.6 km^2位于遗产地的缓冲区内,占缓冲区总面积的0.47%,对武陵源遗产地缓冲区的影响非常有限。

The assessment criterion of construction projects in or around world heritage properties is to assess whether it will cause negative impact on the outstanding universal values and the extent.Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Site(WWNHS)in Hunan was studied as a case,based on GIS technology and horizon analysis method.Glass Bridge over the Zhangjiajie Grand Canyon near the site on the aesthetic values of Wulingyuan was assessed.It can be seen from viewshed analysis that all the visible scope from the bridge is outside the WWNHS,no negative impact on the WWNHS.Visible scope of 0.06 km^2 affected is distributed in the buffer zone,just 0.47%of the total area of the buffer zone.Thus,the effect of the glass bridge on the buffer zone is very limited.This method provides reference for the impact assessment of tourism infrastructures constructed or to be constructed in or around world heritage sites or other protected areas.