无人机卫星导航系统的电磁干扰效应规律研究

Research on the electromagnetic interference effect of UAV satellite navigation system

针对无人机飞行过程中其卫星导航系统容易受到电磁干扰而不定位的问题,以某型无人机的导航接收机为试验对象,开展了连续波干扰信号的注入效应试验。通过试验得到不同类型卫星的带内电磁敏感度曲线,并研究了初始载噪比与电磁敏感阈值、干信比之间的关系。此外,还得到了导航接收机定位失锁的敏感频段,然后通过开展定性试验分析,得知同频干扰和混频器副波道干扰是导航接收机定位失锁的主要原因。根据以上结论给出一种无人机卫星导航系统电磁干扰预测的可行性方法,对提升无人机在复杂电磁环境下的安全态势具有重要意义。

Aiming at the problem that the satellite navigation system of the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)is vulnerable to electromagnetic interference during the flight,the injection experiment of the continuous wave(CW)interference is carried out with the navigation receiver of a certain UAV type.Through the experiments,the in-band electromagnetic sensitivity curves of the different types of satellites are obtained,and the relationship between the initial carrier-to-noise ratio with the electromagnetic sensitivity threshold and interference signal ratio(ISR)is studied.Then,the sensitive frequency band of the navigation receiver is obtained,when positioning fails.Through the qualitative experiment analysis,the main reasons for the navigation receiver’s positioning failure is the co-channel interference and the mixer sub channel interference.According to the above conclusion,a feasibility method for electromagnetic interference prediction of UAV satellite navigation system is given,which is of great significance for improving the safety situation of UAV in complex electromagnetic environment.