生态语言学视域下独龙族语言能力研究

On the Language Competence of the Derung People from a Perspective of Ecolinguistics

文章以豪根模式生态语言学理论为指导,以我国人口最少民族之一,同时也是云南省人口最少的特有民族——独龙族为研究对象,采用问卷调查和访谈,对独龙族聚居地——云南省贡山县独龙江乡的1558位独龙族人进行了语言能力调查。研究发现,近八成独龙族人是“双语人”,近半数是“多语人”。独龙族的语言能力与当地的语言环境密切相关。文章继而对独龙族语言能力的成因进行了探讨,以期为人口较少民族的语言能力研究及相关语言政策的制定提供参考。

The paper makes a survey study of the language competence of the Derung people,the least populated ethnic group in Yunnan,as well as one of the least populated in China under the guidance of the Haugenian approach in ecolinguistics.The questionnaires and interviews are conducted on the basis of 1,558 Derung locals in Dulongjiang Township,Gongshan County of Yunnan province,the only habitation of the Derung people.It is found out that about 80%of the locals are bilinguals,and nearly half of them are multilinguals,whose language competence is closely related to the local language environments.The paper further explores the relevant causes and factors affecting their language competence,hoping to contribute to the research on the language competence of the less-populated minorities and language policy-making in China.