黑河流域水资源合理开发利用研究

Study on the water resources and its rational development and utilization in Heihe River basin

长期以来黑河流域水资源总量的不足 ,诱发了上下游之间、经济用水与生态和环境之间等一系列用水矛盾发生 .根据有关水文气象资料及前期研究成果对黑河流域水资源数量、特征、利用现状及供需平衡进行了分析研究 .结果表明 ,目前黑河流域水资源已呈现出严重不足 ,并且由此引起了流域内许多地方尤其是下游额济纳地区生态与环境的急剧恶化 .究其原因 ,固然与内陆地区气候干旱等先天不利条件有很大的关系 ,但最主要的原因还是人类对水资源的开发利用不当造成的 .因此 ,在区域社会经济的发展中 ,应充分考虑水资源的制约条件 ,从可持续发展的角度出发 。

Since a long period,insufficient water resources in Heihe River basin brings on a series of inconsistency on using water between the upper and the lower reaches area,the economy development and environment protection,etc.The quantity,characteristics,reality and balance between supply and demand of water resources in Heihe River basin are analyzed on the basis of the involved hydrological and meteorological data and the obtained study results.The result shows that water resources have been quite reduced in Heihe River basin,and that it brings about quick deterioration for the ecology and environment of many regions in the basin,especially in the lower reaches of the river.We consider that one of the main causes is human overuse of the water resources.So the water resources restriction should be adequately considered in the social and economic development of an area,from the point of view of sustainable development some counter measures should be adopted to advance the using ratio of water resources in Heihe River basin.