从六书四象认知模式解读中医基本概念与命题

Interpretation of the Basic Concepts and Propositions of Traditional Chinese Medicine from the Cognitive Model of Six Categories and Four Imagery

汉字是记录中医语言的符号,是理解中医基本概念和命题的重要途径。从文字学的角度研究中医理论,按照班固"六书"中形、事、意、声的认知模式划分隐喻经验的感知来源,形成象形隐喻、象事隐喻、象意隐喻和象声隐喻四种隐喻类型。以既往中医学隐喻研究成果为材料,立足于形、事、意、声的内涵和特点分别阐释四象隐喻的含义,分析四象隐喻的始源域、映射过程和认知方法的独特性;并根据四者内在的逻辑关系和认知规律揭示四象隐喻之间的动态联系,探索适合中医基本概念与命题的隐喻解读方法。

Chinese characters are the symbols of recording the language of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and is an important way to understand the basic concepts and propositions of TCM. This paper studies the TCM theory from the perspective of Chinese philology. According to the cognitive model of form, matter, meaning and sound in BAN Gu′s Six Scrips(《六书》), the cognitive sources of metaphor experience are divided into four types,i.e. pictographic metaphor, matter metaphor, meaning metaphor and sound metaphor. According to the previous research results of TCM metaphor, this paper, based on the connotation and characteristics of form, matter, meaning and sound, respectively, explains the meaning of four imagery, analyzes the origin, mapping process and uniqueness of cognitive methods of four imagery, and reveals the dynamic relationship among four imagery metaphor according to the internal logical relationship and cognitive rules, to explore a metaphor interpretation method suitable for the basic concepts and propositions of TCM.