残疾人照护与长期护理保险衔接整合的路径探析

The Path of Integration of Care for Persons with Disabilities and Long-term Care Insurance

残疾人作为失能人群的重要组成部分,对长期护理保险提供的多层次护理服务有迫切需求,如何将残疾人照护与长期护理保险衔接整合,成为亟待解决的难题。通过对两项制度的发展历程、保障对象、资金来源、保障方式及待遇水平等方面进行比较分析,本文梳理出二者衔接整合的逻辑基础。二者存在缺乏衔接整合的政策规定、缺乏统一的认定及评级标准、照护服务存在一定差异及信息化建设滞后等障碍。为促进两项制度的有效衔接整合,保障残疾人享受公平全面的照护服务,须完善制度顶层设计,拓宽基金来源渠道,制定科学统一的评估体系并构建整合照料式护理服务体系。

Persons with disabilities have an urgent need for nursing services.How to integrate disabled care and longterm care insurance has become a first priority.Through the comparative analysis of the development of the system,the object of protection,the funding source of the system,the guarantee mode and the treatment level of the two systems,the logical basis of the integration of the two systems is sorted out.In the process of the integration,there are some obstacles in the aspects of policy,technology,service and management,such as the lack of policy provisions for integration,lack of unified identification and rating standards,and there are differences in care services and the lag of information construction.In order to promote the integration of the two systems and ensure that persons with disabilities enjoy fair and comprehensive care services,it is necessary to improve the toplevel designing of the system,develop a scientific and unified evaluation system,broaden the channels of funding sources,and build an integrated nursing service system。