东汉末年大疫

The End Dong Han's Big Epidemics

《后汉书·灵帝纪》载录了汉灵帝时期发生的五次大疫,其中有三次朝廷派官员巡视各地,并赠送医药。汉献帝时期,《续汉书·五行志》只记载了建安二十二年发生一次大疫。经查阅史料,发现此记载与史实不符。建安二十二年之大疫,对后世影响最深。曹丕《与吴质书》记述了建安七子中的徐幹、陈琳、应玚、刘桢四人死于这次大疫。建安七子中,成就最大的王粲亦死于这次大疫,而曹丕并未提及。东汉末年,人祸与天灾交织,使社会经济遭受极大破坏,人口大减,从桓帝时期近五千万,到西晋统一时只有二千余万。

Hou Han Book.The Memory of Ling Emperor,which described about five big epidemics happened during the period of Hanling Emperor.Among three of them,the court sent some high officials to inspect everywhere and also some Chinese medicines.During the time of Hanxuan Emperor.The Continuous Han Book,which only described one big epidemics in Jian An in the twenty second(22)years.After looking up the history materials,the author found that the recording is not true about the epidemics,The disaster of Jian An in the year of 22 gave greatest influence onto the latter years.Chao Pei's To Wu Zhi’s Letters(Book)described Jian An's seven literary poets and writers,four of them died of the epidemics,who are Xu Gan,Chen Ling,YingYang and Liu Zhen.Among them,the most popular one is Wang Can,who is also died of the epidemics,but Chao never mentioned about him.By the end of Dong Han,there are some people's peril and epidemics mixed together,which made great disaster to the social economy,the population was decreased greatly,from 50,000,000 during Hen Emperor to 20,000,000 in the period of Xijin's time.