岬湾海滩静态平衡模式及其应用

BEACH STATIC EQUILIBRIUM MODEL AND ITS APPLICATION

岬湾海岸是全球海岸地形的重要组成部分,存在着大量的人类活动,这类海岸的研究对于海岸建设和人类活动有着重要意义。海岸科学家和工程师不断尝试用数学公式来量化这种理想的湾形,20世纪80年代以来取得了大量的成果,获得了各种经验模型。进入21世纪后,计算机行业迅速发展,这些理论成果被整合到软件当中使得理论的应用更便捷、人性化和普遍。笔者详细介绍了静态平衡海湾理论,结合三亚湾人工岛建设对海岸的影响、巴西因比图巴的不稳定海滩、潍坊滨海度假区海滩养护改进方案以及西班牙希洪市海滩设计,阐述和验证了静态平衡理论在海滩的稳定性判定和解释、现存海滩的改进方案的选择、现存海滩评估和全新海滩设计中的应用和优势,以期为后续海岸工程评估、改进和建设提供参考和指导。

The headland-bay coast,where prevail active human activities,is an important part of the global coastal system and the study of such a coast is of great significance to coastal construction and development.Coastal scientists and engineers have tried hard to describe and quantify this kind of coast using various mathematical formulas,especially since the 1980 s,and a variety of empirical models have been obtained.With the rapid development of computer technology in the new century,these theoretical results have been integrated into software,which makes the application of the theory more convenient and user-friendly,and the application of the theory is getting more common day by day.This paper made a detailed introduction to the static equilibrium bay theory and its application,taking some examples as cases,such as the construction of artificial islands and its impacts in Sanya Bay,the unstable beach in Imbituba,Brazil,the beach maintenance improvement program in Weifang coastal resort and the beach design in Gijon,Spain.Detailed discussion is devoted to the further application of the static equilibrium theory to beach stability assessment and interpretation,the selection of schemes to protect the coast from erosion,the use of the theory to beach evaluation and beach design and the assessment,improvement and construction of subsequent coastal programs.