在足球运动中COMT基因多态性对3~4年级小学生社会适应能力发展的影响作用

Effect of COMT Gene Polymorphism on the Development of Primary School Students’Social Adjustment Through Football Intervention

对350名3~4年级小学生进行量表测量,并对其中170人进行COMT基因多态性检测。结果:1)在足球运动训练坚持方面,组别与时间维度的交互效应非常显著。2)在社会适应度、自尊水平、认知重评等指标上,性别、组别、时间维度的交互效应均不显著。3)经过1年的足球运动训练,Val/Val基因型受试男生要比携带Met等位基因的受试男生在认知重评、学习环境适应度和社会适应度方面得到更大的改善。4)在自我胜任感和整体自尊水平的变化上,不同COMT基因型与各组别维度的交互作用均显著(p<0.05)。在学习环境适应度、人际环境适应度与社会适应度的变化上,不同COMT基因型与不同组别维度的交互作用均非常显著(p<0.01)。在其他指标的变化上,不同COMT基因型与各组别维度的交互作用均未见显著差异(p>0.05),而组别差异均显著(p<0.05)。结论:1)本研究中设计的小学3~4年级足球运动能够对受试小学生社会适应能力的发展起到促进作用,并且这一促进作用在一定程度上受到COMT基因多态性的调节。2)在学习环境适应度和社会适应度上,Val/Val基因型受试小学生的改善幅度非常显著地大于Met等位基因携带者。3)在人际关系适应度方面,实验组不同COMT基因型受试小学生之间未见显著差异,而对照组Val/Val基因型受试小学生的改善幅度非常显著地大于Met等位基因携带者。4)在自尊水平、认知重评和社会适应度的变化上,Val/Val基因型受试男生认知重评、学习环境适应度和社会适应度的提高幅度都显著高于携带Met等位基因的受试男生。同时,Val/Val基因型女生自我胜任感、学习环境适应度、家庭环境适应度与社会适应度的提高幅度也都显著高于携带Met等位基因的受试女生。

350 primary school students from grade 3 to 4 were tested with COMT gene polymorphism.Results:1)in terms of football training persistence,the interaction effect between group and time dimension is very significant.2)In terms of social adaptability,self-esteem and cognitive reappraisal,the interaction effect of gender,group and time dimension is not significant.3)After one year’s football training,the male students with Val/Val genotype had better cognitive reappraisal,learning environment adaptability and social adaptability than those with Met allele.4)In terms of self competency and overall self-esteem,the interaction between different COMT genotypes and each group dimension was significant(p<0.05).The interaction between different COMT genotypes and different group dimensions was significant(p<0.01).In other indicators,there was no significant difference in the interaction between different COMT genotypes and each group dimension(p>0.05),but there were significant differences among groups(p<0.05).Conclusions:1)the football program designed in this study for grade 3-4 in primary school has been proved to be able to promote the development of social adaptability of primary school students,and this promotion effect is regulated by COMT gene polymorphism to a certain extent.2)In terms of learning environment adaptability and social adaptability,the improvement of Val/Val genotype was significantly greater than that of Met allele carriers.3)In terms of interpersonal adaptability,there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the students with different COMT genotypes.However,the improvement of Val/Val genotype was significantly greater than that of Met allele carriers in the control group.4)In the changes of self-esteem,cognitive reappraisal and social adaptability,the improvement of cognitive reappraisal,learning environment adaptability and social adaptability of male students with Val/Val genotype was significantly higher than that of boys with Met allele.At the same time,the improvement of self competency,learning environment adaptability,family environment adaptability and social adaptability of girls with Val/Val genotype was significantly higher than that of female students with Met allele.