大数据算法时代的自由和必然——从海德格尔的动物学研究入手

Freedom and Necessity of Big the Data Algorithm Era——Starting From Heidegger’s Zoology Research

自由与必然的关系问题,在大数据算法时代呈现出新的表达方式,焦点集中在意识或自我意识的统一与超越上。科学家否认意识的统一性甚至其存在,并由此质疑自由意志的存在。康德通过区分现象和本体,在论证“算法”的合理性并限制它的同时,为自由和道德保留了地盘。海德格尔通过人与动物行为的比较,表明人作为在时间中存在的有限存在者,必须承受生存论层面上的自由和必然。两位哲学家分别在不同的语境中,揭示出了“算法”的局限性及其“泛人本主义”本质,人因为能够建立客观意义世界并超越它,而拥有不同于动物、人工智能和神的自由和尊严。

The relationship between freedom and necessity presents a new way of expression in the era of big data algorithm,focusing on the unity and transcendence of consciousness or self-consciousness.Scientists deny the unity of consciousness,even its existence,and thus question the existence of free will.Kant,by distinguishing phenomena and noumenon,demonstrates the rationality of“algorithm”and limits it,while reserving territory for freedom and morality.Through the comparison of human and animal behavior,Heidegger shows that man,as a limited being existing in time,must bear the freedom and necessity on the level of existentialism.In different contexts,the two philosophers have revealed the limitations of“algorithm”and the essence of“pan-humanism”.Human beings have freedom and dignity different from animals,artificial intelligence and gods because they can establish and surpass the objective world.