多维度支持性心理干预在老年维持性血液透析患者主要照顾者中的应用

Application of multi-dimensional supportive psychological intervention in primary caregivers of elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients

目的探讨多维度支持性心理干预对老年维持性血液透析(MHD)患者主要照顾者心理弹性及生活质量的影响。方法选择2017年1月—2018年12月江苏省人民医院老年MHD患者的主要照顾者80名,根据研究时间分为干预组(2018年1—12月)42名和对照组(2017年1—12月)38名。对照组给予主要照顾者常规心理支持,干预组给予多维度支持性心理干预。随访3个月,比较两组主要照顾者心理弹性、生活质量、心理支持满意度。结果两组坚韧、自强、乐观、心理弹性总分明显高于本组干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),且干预组坚韧、自强、乐观、心理弹性总分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域、生活质量总分明显高于本组干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),干预组生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域、生活质量总分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组心理支持满意度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论多维度支持性心理干预有助于增强老年MHD患者主要照顾者心理弹性水平,改善生活质量,提高其心理支持满意度。

Objective To investigate the effect of multi-dimensional supportive psychological intervention on the psychological flexibility and quality of life of the primary caregivers of patients with elderly maintenance hemodialysis(MHD).Methods From January 2017 to December 2018,80 patients with MHD primary caregivers in Jiangsu Provincial Hospital were selected.According to the study time,they were divided into 42 cases in the treatment group(January-December 2018)and 38 cases in the control group(January-December 2017).The control group was given routine psychological support,while the treatment group was given multi-dimensional supportive psychological intervention.Followed for three months,primary caregivers of the two groups were compared for their psychological flexibility,quality of life,and psychological support satisfaction.Results The total scores of toughness,self-reliance,optimism,and psychological flexibility of the primary caregivers of the two groups were significantly higher than those of this group before intervention,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The total scores of toughness,self-reliance,optimism,and psychological flexibility of the primary caregivers in intervention group were significantly higher than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),the total scores of toughness,self-reliance,optimism,and psychological flexibility of the main caregivers of the two groups were significantly higher than those before intervention,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The total scores in the areas of physiology,psychology,social relations,and quality of life in intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The psychological support satisfaction rate in intervention group was significantly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Multi-dimensional supportive psychological intervention is helpful to enhance the level of psychological flexibility of the primary caregivers of MHD patients,improve the quality of life,and increase their psychological support satisfaction.