民国时期父亲节及其纪念活动的历史考察(1945~1948)

The Historical Investigation of Father s Day and Its Commemorative Activities in the Period of the Republic of China(1945-1948)

抗日战争胜利前夕,上海各界名流为纪念抗战中为国捐躯的父亲,于上海发起父亲节。1946年,倡导者通过成立父亲节推行委员会、推动父亲节的法定化与国际化、规定纪念仪式、创作纪念歌曲等方式,进行父亲节日推广,使父亲节影响力不断扩大,发展日臻完善。从1945年至1948年,国内共举办过四届父亲节宣传纪念活动。具体内容主要包括宣传活动、集会活动、征文活动、娱乐活动、济老慈幼、助学活动等。丰富多彩的纪念形式不仅使父亲节日渐深入人心,而且不断深化节日文化内涵。随着社会形势的不断演变,父亲节的纪念意义逐渐从尊父孝亲扩展至为国尽忠,融合了抗战纪念、文化传承、国家建设三大意涵,成为我国忠孝文化与家国理念的结合纪念体。

On the eve of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,Shanghai celebrities launched Father s day in memory of the fathers who died for their country.In 1946,the initiators of Father s Day established Father s Day Implementation Committee,promoted the legalization and internationalization of Father s Day,stipulated memorial ceremony,and created memorial songs.The advocates had made the influence of Father s Day continuously expand and develop day by day.From 1945 to 1948,the commemorative activities for Father s Day were held for four times in China,including promotional activities,gatherings,essay solicitation activities,entertainment activities,charity activities for the elderly and children,and student grant activities.The rich and colorful forms of commemoration not only made Father s Day more popular,but also deepened its cultural connotation.With the continuous evolution of the social situation,the significance of Father s Day had gradually expanded from respect for the father to loyalty to the country,integrating the three meanings of Anti-Japanese War commemoration,cultural heritage and national construction,becoming the combination of the loyalty and filial piety culture and the concept of family and country.