乡村振兴战略背景下的农民“资源养老”及其实现形式

The“Resource Endowment”of Peasants and Its Realization Form under the Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy

作为人口大国,我国日益进入老龄化社会,农民养老问题刻不容缓,养儿防老、以地养老、社会养老、国家养老、村集体养老等农民养老方式各有其优点,但是难以有效解决老龄人口剧增下的养老资源不足、养老主体缺失等突出问题。乡村振兴战略实施给农民养老带来了新机遇,农村集体产权改革基础上有效盘活农村各种资源,并与资本、技术、人才等要素及政府下乡公共资源进行组合优化配置,将农村潜在资源转化为养老资源,构建农民“资源养老”新方式,能够有效破解农民养老面临的诸多问题。可以通过拓展多类型的集体经济股份化形式提高养老金,形成灵活多样的农房租赁形式增加养老金,构建集体经济支持下的多元互助抱团养老方式,推动公私资源优化配置下的医养结合养老方式,建立公共服务资源供给下的“智能+”养老方式,以创新农民“资源养老”的具体实现形式。

As a country with a large population,China is entering an aging society day by day.The problem of providing for the aged is urgent.There are some advantages in the ways of providing for the aged,such as raising children for the aged,providing for the aged by land,society,state and village collective,but it is difficult to effectively solve the outstanding problems such as the shortage of pension resources and the lack of pension subjects.The implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy has brought new opportunities for farmers to provide for the aged。On the basis of rural collective property rights reform,we can effectively revitalize various resources in rural areas,and optimize the allocation with capital,technology,talent and other elements as well as the government’s public resources to the countryside,transform the potential rural resources into pension resources,and build a new way of“resource endowment”for farmers,which can effectively solve many problems faced by farmers.We can expand the pension by expanding the shareholding form of multi type collective economy,form flexible and diversified forms of rural housing lease,strengthen the pension,build a diversified mutual aid group pension mode supported by collective economy,promote the combination of medical care and pension under the optimal allocation of public and private resources,establish the“intelligent+”pension mode under the supply of public service resources,and innovate the concrete realization form of the“resource support”mode of farmers.