政府购买社区养老服务的多元主体治理困境——基于X市B社区的观察

Pluralistic Subject Governance Dilemma of Government Purchasing Community Pension Services——Based on the Observation of Community B in X City

政府购买作为提高社会服务效率的重要手段,被运用于社区养老服务实践中,过程涉及四个治理主体的互动,即两级政府部门及其派出机构、社区居委、服务机构、服务对象及其家属。根据个案X市B社区的观察,发现四个主体虽明确了各自承担的角色和功能,但却没能实现预期政策目标,原因在于政府部门的政策工具困境、社区居委的资源整合困境、服务机构的专业化与信任困境,以及服务对象的参与表达不足困境。据此,提出平衡政府部门的主导性和服务性、赋予社区居委资源整合和回应能力、拓展服务机构的专业性行动空间、增加服务对象的参与度和对服务机构的信任的整体性治理框架构建策略。

As an important means to improve the efficiency of social services,government purchase is applied in the practice of community pension services.The process involves the interaction of four governance subjects:two levels of government departments and their agencies,community residents'committees,service agencies,service objects and their families.According to the observation of community B in X city,it is found that although the four subjects have clearly defined their respective roles and functions,they have failed to achieve the expected policy objectives.The reason lies in the dilemma of tax,service and evaluation policy tools of government departments and other subjects.The interaction between the community residence committee and the streets and the government falls into the dilemma of resource integration.Service organizations have professional and trust dilemmas in their interactions with buyers and service objects.The relationship between the service object and other subjects falls into the dilemma of insufficient participation and expression.Based on this,the paper puts forward an overall governance framework that balances the dominance and service of government departments,endows community neighborhood committees with the ability to integrate and respond to resources,expands the professional action space of service organizations,increases the participation of service objects and builds trust in service organizations.