马克思关于人的全面发展观对我国课程教育的作用和影响

Function and Influence of Marx’s View of Human’s All-round Development on Curriculum Education in China

马克思关于人的全面发展对我国教育方针的确立具有重要理论指导意义,人的全面发展可分为三个层次:个人潜能的充分发展,人的对象性关系的全面生成和个人社会关系的高度丰富。结合资本主义前社会形态、资本主义社会和共产主义社会这三大社会形态,考察人的全面发展变化。通过分析马克思关于人的全面发展的深刻内涵及在不同社会发展阶段相应表现,从而对马克思关于人的全面发展更深刻的理解和认识。紧扣"培养什么人"和"怎样培养人"这一根本问题,我国教育改革历程从"双基"到三维目标再到核心素养。而培养中国学生发展核心素养,充分体现了马克思关于人的全面发展观,全面贯彻了党的教育方针,也是全面推进素质教育,深化教育领域综合改革的重要举措。

Marx’s all-round development of human beings has important theoretical guiding significance for the establishment of China’s education policy. The overall development of human beings can be divided into three levels: the full development of individual potential, the comprehensive generation of human objective relationship and the high enrichment of individual social relationship. Combined with the three social forms of pre-capitalist society, capitalist society and communist society, this paper studies the development and change of human’s all-round development. Through the analysis of Marx’s profound connotation of the all-round development of human beings and the corresponding performance in different stages of social development, we can have a deeper understanding of Marx’s all-round development of human beings. Closely related to the fundamental problem of "what kind of students to cultivate" and "how to cultivate students", China’s education reform process has changed from "double base" to three-dimensional goals and then to core competencies and values for Chinese students’ development. The cultivation of the core competencies of Chinese students’ development fully embodies Marx’s view on the all-round development of human beings, fully implements the Party’s educational policy, and is also an important measure to comprehensively promote quality education and deepen the comprehensive reform in the field of education.