新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎多因素Logistic回归分析及预防措施研究

Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and research on preventive measures

[目的]围绕新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生展开多因素Logistic回归分析以及研究预防措施。[方法]选取2017年1月~2019年12月的520例新生儿为研究对象,依据是否发生新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎分为健康组(500例)和新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎组(20例),收集2组新生儿基本资料并进行统计学处理,利用多因素Logistic回归模型总结诱发新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的危险因素。[结果]2组新生儿出生体重、早产、新生儿窒息、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、新生儿肺炎、羊水胎粪污染、新生儿败血症、母亲妊娠期糖尿病、胎膜早破、感染、喂养方式、开奶时间、预防使用益生菌相比较,均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其余指标相比较,均差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果提示:早产、羊水胎粪污染、新生儿败血症、母亲妊娠期糖尿病为新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的独立危险因素(P<0.05),母乳喂养、预防使用益生菌为其发病的保护因素(P<0.05)。[结论]早产、羊水胎粪污染、新生儿败血症、母亲妊娠期糖尿病为诱发新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的独立危险因素,指导产妇母乳喂养并预防使用益生菌有助于预防该病的发生。

[Objective]To carry out a multivariate Logistic regression analysis on the occurrence of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and study preventive measures.[Methods]A total of 520 neonates born from January 2017 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects.According to whether neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis occurred,it was divided into 500 healthy cases and neonatal necrotizing enterocolon.Twenty patients in the inflammation group were collected and statistically processed.The risk factors of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis were summarized by multivariate Logistic regression model.[Results]The birth weight,premature birth,neonatal asphyxia,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,neonatal pneumonia,amniotic fluid meconium contamination,neonatal sepsis,gestational diabetes mellitus,premature rupture of membranes,infection,feeding mode compared with the time of milk opening and the use of probiotics,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The other indicators were not statistically different(P>0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis suggested that:preterm labor,amniotic fluid meconium contamination,neonatal sepsis,and maternal gestational diabetes were independent risk factors for neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(P<0.05).Breastfeeding and prophylactic use of probiotics were the protective factors(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Preterm birth,amniotic fluid meconium contamination,neonatal sepsis,and maternal gestational diabetes are independent risk factors for neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.Guiding breastfeeding and preventing the use of probiotics can help prevent the disease.