苏州市2~12岁儿童中医体质调查研究

Investigation on TCM Constitution of Children Aged 2-12 Years in Suzhou City

目的:调查分析苏州市2~12岁儿童中医体质分布特点,为儿童疾病干预和保健提供指导。方法:对苏州市2~12岁儿童及其家长进行互联网问卷调查,采集信息后进行整理、判定、分析。结果:556位研究对象中,生机旺盛质占68.35%(380/556),偏颇体质占31.65%(176/556)。单一偏颇体质占总样本的17.27%(96/556),其中热滞质、心火偏旺质和脾虚质最多见。兼有两项偏颇体质占总样本的14.39%(80/556),其中以心火偏旺质+热滞质和脾虚质+积滞质为主。兼有脾虚质的体质组合类型最多。6岁以下儿童偏颇体质比例明显高于6岁以上,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。体质量指数(BMI)及胎次对体质影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:苏州市2~12岁儿童中医体质以生机旺盛质多见,且6岁以下儿童偏颇体质高于6岁以上儿童,体质量指数及胎次对于儿童体质有影响,应加强对不同年龄段儿童的体质辨识,并积极干预,为儿童疾病干预和保健提供指导。

[Abstrct]Objective:To investigate and analyze the physical distribution characteristics of TCM in children aged 2-12 in Suzhou,in order to provide guidance for disease intervention and health care of children.Methods:Internet questionnaire survey was conducted on children aged 2-12 years old and their parents in Suzhou,and the information was collected for sorting,judgment and analysis.Results:Of the 556 study subjects,68.35%(380/556)were balance constitution,and 31.65%(176/556)were biased constitution.A single biased constitution was accounted for 17.27%(96/556)of the total sample,which heat accumulation,heart fire,and spleen deficiency being the most common.The combined biased constitution was accounted for 14.39%(80/556)of the total sample,of which the heart-fire+heat accumulation and spleen deficiency+stagnation are the main ones.Spleen deficiency was most common in constitution combinations.The proportion of children under 6 years old who were biased constitution was significantly higher than that of 6 years old,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the effects of BMI and sequence of birth on constitution(P<0.05).Conclusion:Most of the children aged from 2 to 12 years old are balance constitution,and the biased constitution of children under 6 years old is higher than that of children over 6 years old.BMI and parity have an impact on children’s TCM constitution.In the prevention and control of diseases,the identification and intervention of different age groups should be strengthened to give play to the advantages of TCM syndrome differentiation and individual treatment.