旋流分离过程强化新技术

Process intensification technology for hydrocyclone separation

旋流器作为一种典型的非热物理分离设备,具有结构简单、分离效率高、处理能力大、运行和维护成本低等技术优势,在石油、化工、环保、采矿等众多领域中获得了广泛的应用。随着旋流分离过程强化技术的发展,旋流分离精度也从毫米级发展到微米级、纳米级甚至是离子分子级。本文围绕旋流分离过程强化的科学原理和工程应用,介绍了旋流分离过程强化新技术方面的研究进展。系统总结了由一维点到二维面,再到三维体的旋流场连续相流场测试方法,介绍了基于微流控技术和高速摄像技术的适用于检测快速螺旋迁移颗粒运动速度的同步高速运动分析(S-HSMA)系统,以及基于该系统发现的旋流场中颗粒高速自转等新现象。旋流自转已经实现从现象发现到工程应用的突破,本文还介绍了基于颗粒高速自转的旋流吸收、旋流萃取、旋流脱附等分离强化过程新原理以及气泡强化废水旋流除油、颗粒排序强化微细颗粒旋流分离、多孔颗粒旋流自转除油等旋流分离过程强化新方法及设备。

Hydrocyclone,as a typical non-thermal physical separation equipment,has the technical advantages of simple structure,high separation efficiency,large processing capacity,low operation,and low maintenance costs,etc.It has been widely used in many fields such as petroleum,chemical industry,environmental protection,and mining.With the development of intensified technology for the hydrocyclone separation process,the accuracy of hydrocyclone separation has also developed from the millimeter level to the micron,nanometer,and even ionic molecular level.Based on the principles and engineering applications of the intensification of the hydrocyclone separation process,the research progress of the new intensification technologies for the hydrocyclone separation process is introduced in this study.The testing methods of continuous phase flow from one-dimensional point to two-dimensional surface,and then to three-dimensional body are systematically summarized.A synchronous high-speed motion analyzer(S-HSMA)system,based on microfluidic and high-speed camera,was developed for the detection of the velocity of fast spirally moving particles.The new phenomenon of high-speed selfrotation of particles in hydrocyclone were detected for the first time.The particle self-rotation in hydrocyclone has achieved a breakthrough from phenomenon discovery to engineering application.The new mechanisms of absorption,extraction,and desorption enhancement by particle self-rotation in hydrocyclone were introduced,as well as the novel intensification methods and equipments for bubble enhanced oil-water separation,particle sequencing enhanced micro-particle removal,self-rotation enhanced oil removal in porous media.