微反应器耦合离子液体强化萃取过程的研究进展

Research progress of extraction enhancement with the use of microreactors coupled with ionic liquids

离子液体作为一种绿色溶剂在强化萃取过程中获得了广泛的应用,但是高昂的生产成本以及以高黏度为特征的流体力学性质阻碍了其工业化应用。微化工技术为基于离子液体的连续化萃取提供了一种高效的过程强化平台。近年来,微化工技术与离子液体技术的耦合强化在萃取分离领域越来越受到关注。本文主要综述了微流动萃取技术的基本现状、离子液体参与的萃取过程特征、微反应器内涉及离子液体的互不相溶液-液两相流型、传质及其强化机制,重点介绍了微反应器在基于离子液体萃取金属、有机物等过程中的应用、微流动萃取过程放大的研究进展,并对涉及离子液体的多级萃取、功能化离子液体的萃取应用及其相应的微流动萃取放大等研究方向进行了展望。

As a kind of green solvents,ionic liquids have been widely applied in the enhancement of extraction processes.However,high production cost and special hydrodynamics associated with high viscosity are among the main concerns that hinder industrial applications of ionic liquids.The emergence of microchemical technology provides an efficient and enhanced platform for continuous extraction processes with the use of ionic liquids.In recent years,the coupling enhancement between microchemical technology and ionic liquid has received increasing attention in the field of extraction separation.In this article,the basic introduction of the microflow extraction technology,the characteristics of extraction processes with the use of ionic liquids,ionic liquid based liquid-liquid two-phase flow patterns,mass transfer and enhancement mechanism in microreactors are mainly reviewed.The applications of ionic liquids for the extraction of metals and organic substances,and the research progress of the process scaleup for ionic liquid based extraction in microreactors are highlighted.The prospects about ionic liquid based multi-step extraction,functionalized ionic liquid based extraction and its corresponding scale-up of microflow extraction are proposed.