相变储热技术研究进展

State of the art review on phase change thermal energy storage technology

相变储热技术是储能技术的主要方向之一,在太阳能、风能发电、工业余热回收利用、分布式能源系统等领域具有广泛应用。本文通过梳理总结近年来国内外关于相变储热技术的研究成果,对相变材料进行分类并对其性质、优缺点、适用范围等进行了详细介绍。本文针对相变材料在实际使用中存在的泄漏、腐蚀、过冷、传热性能差等缺陷,重点介绍了复合相变储热技术及传热性能强化技术。指出当前相变储热技术存在的不足并对相变储热技术的未来发展方向进行了展望,可靠的复合相变技术、高效的传热强化技术、提高储热材料高温及循环稳定性等方面应是未来的主要研究方向。该综述研究对相变储热技术的进一步研究和开发具有重要参考价值。

As one of the main directions of energy storage technology,the phase change thermal energy storage technology is widely used in renewable energy utilization,i.e.solar and wind power generation,waste heat recovery,and distributed energy system.Based on the analysis of relevant literatures,phase change materials(PCM)are classified,meanwhile,the properties,advantages and disadvantages,and suitable application condition of the PCM are also introduced in detail.Furthermore,the research progress of composite phase change technology and heat transfer enhancement technology are mainly discussed,since the PCM has the defects of leakage,corrosion,supercooling,poor heat conduction,etc.Finally,the problems in PCM utilization are pointed out and the future development directions are also prospected,which are reliable composite phase change technology,efficient heat transfer enhancement technology and improvement of the PCM thermal stability.This review has important reference value for the future research and development of the phase change thermal energy storage technology.