早臺对白花前胡根部解剖结构和香豆素类成分的影响

Influence of early bolting on anatomical structure and coumarins of Peucedanum praeruptorum

为探讨早薹对栽培白花前胡品质的影响,采用石蜡切片法对比分析早薹植株(公前胡)与未早薹植株(母前胡)根部解剖结构差异,并用HPLC测定公前胡和母前胡不同组织结构白花前胡甲素、白花前胡乙素、白花前胡素E、佛手柑内酯含量并进行对比分析,分析两者差异间相互关系。结果表明,早薹对白花前胡根部解剖结构及香豆素类成分含量影响较大;(1)母前胡组织结构中中柱鞘薄壁组织、韧皮部横切面积较大,香豆素类成分含量最高;(2)公前胡次生木质部横切面积较大,存在大量木纤维和导管,香豆素类成分总量最低;(3)母前胡和公前胡主根部分(MR)、维管形成层以外部分(PP)、维管形成层以内部分(PX)、叶(LF)间香豆素类成分含量对比均达到显著性差异(P<0.05),两者香豆素类成分含量总量从高到低均为:PP>MR>LF>PX。可见,白花前胡早薹发生后,植物根部解剖结构、活性成分含量也随之发生变化,对药材品质具有重要影响。

To explore the effects of early bolting on the quality of Peucedanum praeruptorum, the anatomical structures of P. praeruptorum root between bolting and no-bolting were investigated by paraffin section method, and contents of praeruptorin A, praeruptorin B, praeruptorin E, bergapten were determined by HPLC, then the differences and inter-relations were studied by comparative analysis method. The results showed that there existed great influences of early bolting on the root anatomical structures and coumarins content of P. praeruptorum.(1)The area of pericyclic parenchyma tissue and secondary phloem in P. praeruptorum without bolting are large, and have higher content of coumarins.(2) The areas of secondary phloem in bolting P. praeruptorum are large, and have lot of vessels and wood fiber, and the content of coumarins is low.(3)There are significant different of coumarins contents in P. praeruptorum with and without bolting, in their main root(MR),outside the vascular cambium(PP), inside the vascular cambium(PX), and the leaf(LF) parts, and the total content of coumarins was PP>MR>LF>PX. Accordingly, the root anatomical structure and active component of P. praeruptorum were changed after early bolting, which have an important influence on the quality of Peucedani Radix.