文化生态学视角下基诺族传统体育“文化孤岛”现象探微

Study on the Phenomenon of "Cultural Island" in The Jino Traditional National Sports from the Perspective of Cultural Ecology

通过田野调查法,以西双版纳自治州基诺族体育文化为研究对象,利用文化生态学理论解析基诺族文化孤岛成因。研究表明:西双版纳自治州以傣族为主体,傣族体育以贵水、尚柔以及女性独立为主要特征。散居于傣族中的基诺族,其体育文化以崇火、尚力以及男性主导为主要特征,这些特征与当地主流的傣族文化完全相反。究其原因在于基诺族在独特的山地条件下,刀耕火种的生产方式以及朴素的自然崇拜中形成了自己独特的文化特质,这种选择进化是本族在面临自然、社会的约束与压迫面前,或反抗或逃避的必然结果。

Based on field investigation, this paper takes Jino sports culture in Xishuangbanna Autonomous Prefecture as the object of study, and uses cultural ecology theory to analyze the cause of the cultural island of Jino. The research shows that the Dai nationality constitutes the majority of Xishuangbanna Autonomous Prefecture, and the sports of the Dai nationality are characterized by valuing water, advocating tenderness and encouraging female independence. Scattered among the dai nationality, Jino nationality’s sports culture is characterized by worshiping fire, advocating strength and male dominance, which are completely contrary to the mainstream Dai culture. The reason is that Jino nationality has formed its unique cultural characteristics due to the unique mountain conditions, primary production mode and simple nature worship. This kind of selective evolution is an inevitable result of resistance or escape in the face of natural and social constraints and oppression.