基于坡度—汇水面积关系的黄土浅沟与切沟沟头形成敏感区模拟

Sensitive Area Simulation of Ephemeral and Permanent Gullies Based on Slope-Area Relationship in the Loess Region

黄土高原侵蚀沟治理是黄河流域高质量发展中面临的重要问题。本研究以坡面侵蚀沟中的浅沟、切沟为研究对象,基于高分辨率无人机航摄和野外高精度实测,以陕北子洲岔巴沟典型小流域为研究区,得到沟头坡度—汇水面积关系曲线,构建了沟头形成的地形临界模型,进行沟头形成敏感区模拟。结果表明:(1)浅沟、切沟沟头形成临界模型分别为:S≥0.6073A-0.142,S≥1.2065A-0.229;(2)综合运用沟头形成临界模型和流域坡度—汇水面积关系曲线可较为准确地预测浅沟、切沟沟头形成敏感区与非敏感区,浅沟、切沟沟头预测准确度分别为91.43%和71.79%,非沟头区域预测准确度为98.44%。研究结果可为黄土侵蚀沟防治提供技术支撑。

Gully erosion is severe in the Loess Plateau of North China,where gully location modeling remains a challenge.The objective of this study was to explore the methodology for modeling ephemeral gullies(EGs)and permanent gullies(PGs)in gully-sensitive areas in a watershed located in Zizhou,Shaanxi Province.The critical topographic threshold model based on the slope-area relationship was employed as the primary method.High-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)photography and high-precision field measures were utilized as data sources.The critical topographic models were S≥0.6073A-0.142 for EGs,and S≥1.2065A-0.229 for PGs.The gully head prediction accuracies for EGs and PGs were 91.43%and 71.79%,respectively,and the prediction accuracy for the non-gully head area was 98.44%.The results improve our understanding of the gully formation and may support gully erosion conservation in the loess region.