塔里木盆地超深层油气藏试油与储层改造技术进展及发展方向

Progress and development direction of production test and reservoir stimulation technologies for ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs in Tarim Basin

近年来,中国石油塔里木油田公司(以下简称塔里木油田)在塔里木盆地超深层油气勘探陆续取得重大突破。这与其超深层试油与储层改造技术的进步是密不可分的,随着超深井的逐渐增多,试油与储层改造技术仍需要持续升级、完善。为此,通过总结塔里木油田试油与储层改造技术的发展历程,系统梳理了其在超深层油气藏试油与储层改造方面取得的主要技术进展,并结合新的勘探开发形势与要求,指出了塔里木盆地超深层油气藏试油与储层改造技术今后一个时期的发展方向。研究结果表明:①塔里木油田已形成了一系列专项技术——超深高温高压气井安全快速测试技术,超深层、高含硫、缝洞型碳酸盐岩气藏完井试油一体化技术,超深层缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层深度改造技术,以及超深层、高温高压裂缝性致密砂岩气藏储层缝网改造技术,支撑了该盆地超深层油气藏的陆续勘探突破和持续高效开发;②随着油气勘探开发深度领域迈向9000 m,储层地质条件更加复杂,完井试油与储层改造技术面临着新的技术难题;③今后将围绕“可靠、安全、高效”的目标进行试油完井工具和工艺的持续升级和改进,需要不断完善储层改造地质工程一体化设计、改造工作液和材料以及耐高温高压工具和装备,以支撑精细化缝网体积改造;④新形势下,为了满足井完整性的要求,需要完善相关配套技术,同时建立套管磨损评价与地面管汇剩余寿命检测方法,以保障试油和储层改造工艺的顺利实施。结论认为,该研究成果可以为国内外超深层油气藏的安全高效建井与提产提供借鉴。

In recent years,PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company has successively achieved great breakthroughs in ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in the Tarim Basin.And these achievements are closely related with the progress of ultra-deep production tests and reservoir stimulation technologies.As the number of ultra-deep wells increases,production tests and reservoir stimulation technologies shall be upgraded and improved continuously.By summarizing the development history of production tests and reservoir stimulation technologies in PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company,this paper systematically analyzes the major progresses of production tests and reservoir stimulation technologies for ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs.Then,the development directions of production tests and reservoir stimulation technologies for ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs of the Tarim Basin in the near future are pointed out based on the new exploration&development situations and requirements.And the following research results were obtained.First,a series of special technologies have been developed in PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company to support successive exploration breakthroughs and continuous efficient development of ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs in the Tarim Basin,including safe and fast production test technology for ultra-deep HTHP gas wells,integrated production tests and well completion technology for ultra-deep fractured-vuggy carbonate gas reservoirs with high sulfur content,in-depth stimulation technology for ultra-deep fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs,and fracture-network stimulation technology for ultra-deep HTHP fractured tight sandstone gas reservoirs.Second,as exploration and development steps into the fields below 9000 m,where reservoir geological conditions are more complex,well completion,production tests and reservoir stimulation technologies will face new technological challenges.Third,in the future,production tests and well completion tools and technologies will be continuously upgraded and improved based on the target of reliability,safety and efficiency.And it is necessary to continuously improve geology-engineering integrated design of reservoir stimulation,stimulation fluids and materials,and HTHP tools and equipment to support fine fracture-network volumetric stimulation.Fourth,in order to meet the requirements of well integrity in new situations,it is necessary to improve the related supporting technologies while establishing casing wear evaluation and surface manifold remaining life test methods,so as to ensure the smooth implementation of production tests and reservoir stimulation technologies.In conclusion,the research results can provide references for the safe and efficient well construction and production increase in ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs at home and abroad.