中青年群体参与长期照护保险意愿的个体差异研究

Study on Individual Differences of Young and Middle-aged Groups’Willingness to Participate in Long-term Care Insurance

当前,关于长期照护保险的研究大多关注的是老年群体,而中青年群体往往容易被忽视。为了研究中青年群体参与长期照护保险意愿的个体差异,本文归纳了影响参保意愿的四维分析框架,分别是个体特征维度、经济维度、风险认知维度和挤出维度。本文基于七个城市的调研数据,运用有序多分类Logistic回归分析得出,个体特征维度中的区域、经济维度中的月收入水平和风险认知维度中的受教育水平对中青年群体参保意愿有显著影响;而挤出维度中的医保参与对参保意愿没有显著影响。具体表现在,东中部的中青年群体表现出比西部的中青年群体更高的参保意愿;月收入水平越高和受教育水平越高,参保的意愿越强烈。因此,需要均衡区域间中青年群体的参保意愿,提高中青年群体对长护的认知水平,以及积极发展补缺型的长期照护救助制度。

At present,the study of long-term care insurance(LTCI)mostly focuses on the elderly,while the young and middle-aged groups are often ignored.In order to study the individual differences of young and middle-aged groups’willingness to participate in LTCI,this paper summarizes the four-dimensional analysis frameworks:individual characteristics dimension,economic dimension,risk cognition dimension and crowding out dimension.Based on the survey data of seven cities,using multiple ordered Logistic regression analysis,it is found that the region with the dimension of individual characteristics,the monthly income level in the dimension of economy and the level of education in the dimension of risk cognition have a significant influence on the willingness to participate in the LTCI,while the medical insurance participation in the dimension of crowding out has no significant influence.Specifically,the young and middle-aged groups in the East and the Middle regions show higher willingness than those in the West;the higher the monthly income level and the higher the education level,the stronger the willingness to participate in LTCI.Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to balancing the participation willingness in different regions,improve the cognitive level of middle-aged and young people to the LTCI,and actively develop the long-term care assistance system.