新冠肺炎疫情下公众焦虑情绪的成因与调控--基于弗洛伊德精神分析焦虑论

The Cause and Control of Public Anxiety under the Epidemic of COVID-19

新冠肺炎疫情的突发和持续使得部分公众陷入负面情绪,其中,“焦虑”在不同人群中均有较为强烈的体现。根据弗洛伊德精神分析焦虑论对焦虑的产生和表现、焦虑的作用机制和自我防御机制的详细论述,可以从中分析得出公众对疫情状况的认知偏差、多主体对疫情信息的加工传播和国家心理干预的不足是公众焦虑情绪产生、扩散的主要原因。因此,个人建立适当的自我防御机制、社会进行系统的心理调适和国家提供及时的心理援助刻不容缓,构建多元协同的心理调控体系势在必行。

The sudden and continuous development of COVID-19 has led some members of the public into negative emotions."Anxiety"is strongly reflected in different groups of people.According to Freud's psychoanalytic anxiety theory,this paper discusses in detail the production and expression of anxiety,the mechanism of anxiety's action and the mechanism of self-defense.It can be concluded from the analysis that the main reasons for the emergence and spread of public anxiety are the cognitive bias of the public on the epidemic situation,the processing and transmission of epidemic information by multiple subjects,and the lack of state psychological intervention.Therefore,it is urgent for individuals to establish appropriate self-defense mechanism,for society to carry out systematic psychological adjustment and for the state to provide timely psychological assistance.It is imperative to build a multi-coordinated psychological control system.