COVID-19疫情相关吸烟认知及其对吸烟量的影响

Cognition of the relationship between smoking and COVID-19 and its impact on daily cigarette consumption among smokers

目的了解2019冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情下吸烟者疫情相关吸烟认知和疫情期间吸烟量及其变化的具体情况,探索吸烟量变化的影响因素,为后续开展戒烟干预提供参考依据。方法本研究为横断面调查,通过问卷星于2020年3月19日至4月2日对18周岁及以上中国吸烟者开展线上调查。调查问卷内容包括人口学信息、烟草成瘾性、疫情期间吸烟量及变化情况、吸烟行为与疫情防控的相关认知等。使用卡方检验和多因素Logistic回归进行统计分析。结果共收到有效问卷1 388份,其中男性1329人(95.7%),平均年龄(43.91±11.95)岁(18~75岁)。疫情期间吸烟者吸烟量不变、增加和减少的人数分别为1 014(73%)、107(7.7%)和267(19.2%)。受疫情影响,所有被调查者平均每日吸烟量由疫情前(14.22±8.50)支下降到(13.47±8.62)支。疫情期间吸烟量减少的影响因素包括反对"吸烟可以预防新冠肺炎"(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.13-2.15)、反对"卷烟烟雾有一定杀菌杀毒作用"(OR=1.63,95%CI:1.17-2.26)、同意"吸烟产生的细微颗粒可能增加病毒的传播"(OR=1.84,95%CI:1.32-2.57)等。结论吸烟者对于疫情相关吸烟认知存在一定的误区,而不同的认知会影响吸烟者的吸烟量变化情况。应该通过媒体等对疫情相关吸烟误区进行澄清,提升吸烟者的健康素养,并结合公众在疫情下更加重视健康这一背景,在现有的戒烟服务中增加疫情相关吸烟认知的沟通,加强戒烟的动机干预。

Objective To explore the cognition of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic and its relationship with smoking during the COVID-19 epidemic and provide reference for smoking cessation intervention.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among Chinese smokers aged≥18 by an online questionnaire.Demographic information,tabacco addiction,daily cigarette consumption during the epidemic,smoking behavior,cognition of COVID-19 epidemic,and other information were collected through Wenjuanxin platform during Mar 19 to Apr 2,2020.Chi-square tests and multinomial logistic regressions were used for statistical analysis.Results Among 1388 participants with an average age of 43.91±11.95 years old(ranging 18-75),95.7%of then were males.In all,1014(73.0%)of the participants had not changed their smoking consumption during the epidemic,while 107(7.7%)smoked more and 267(19.2%)smoked less.Factors contributing to the reduction in smoking included disagreed with the statement that"Smoking can prevent COVID-19"(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.13-2.15),disagreed with the statement that"Cigarette smoke is helpful in killing the virus of COVID-19"(OR=1.63,95%CI:1.17-2.26),and agreed that"Fine particles produced by smoking may increase the spread of virus"(OR=1.84,95%CI:1.32-2.57).Conclusion It is necessary to clarify the misunderstanding related to smoking and improve the health literacy of smokers through media.We should strengthen smoking cessation intervention focusing on respiratory health and the cognition of COVID-19 epidemic in smoking cessation clinics,smoking cessation hotline and other smoking cessation services.