中国对外援助模式:理论、经验与世界意义

The Model of China’s Foreign Aid:Theory,Practice and Global Significance

中国对外援助是南南合作框架下的一种互助互信互利合作。它遵循着南南合作的基本精神与原则,体现着中国的国际责任与道义,其历史演进始终与南南合作历史主题的阶段性嬗变相一致,始终与中国和发展中国家的复兴进程相契合。在理论特色上,中国对外援助以中国传统文化思想和无产阶级国际主义精神为思想渊源,以新中国重大外交理念和思想为理论基础,以国家利益和国际责任相统一为政策取向,以不干涉内政、不附加任何政治条件为最大特色,以“南南合作”而非“南北关系”为根本性质。就实践经验而言,始终尊重受援国的发展议程和自主选择,始终坚持对外援助的“发展”和“民生”导向,始终注重对外援助的务实、廉洁和高效,始终坚持平等相待和真诚友好的优良作风,始终坚持力所能及和重信守诺的优良传统。这种南南双向互助互援模式,通过推进南南合作具有了某种世界体系层面意义,通过展现相对更高的发展有效性推动着国际援助体系的创新和发展。

China's foreign aid is a form of mutual assistance,mutual trust and mutually beneficial cooperation within the framework of South-South cooperation.Consistent with the basic spirit and principles of South-South cooperation,it embodies China’s commitment to global responsibility and moral principles.Its evolution has coincided with the different phases of South-South cooperation,and with the revival of China and other developing countries.In terms of theoretical features,it is rooted in traditional Chinese culture and proletarian internationalism and founded on China’s major diplomatic ideas and theories post-1949.Guided by the unity of national interests and international responsibilities,its policies are most clearly distinguished by the insistence on non-interference in internal affairs and no political conditions attached,and are in essence a form of“South-South cooperation”rather than“North-South relations”.Its practice has been consistently characterized by the following features:(a)respect for the development agenda and independent choices of the recipient countries,and an emphasis on“development”and“people’s livelihood”,(b)attention to pragmatism,integrity and efficiency,(c)equality,sincerity and friendliness,and(d)a fine tradition of doing whatever we can to help and keeping our promises.This South-South mutual assistance model has global significance and will likely promote innovation in global assistance thanks to its greater efficiency.